Skip to main content

REVISION OF THE ASIAN FOREST SCORPIONS (HETEROMETRINAE SIMON, 1879)


Heterometrus sp

Heterometrus glaucus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus laevigatus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus laoticus (Couzijn, 1981)
Heterometrus longimanus (Herbst, 1800)
Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus silenus (Simon, 1884)
Heterometrus spinifer (Ehrenberg, 1828)
Heterometrus thorellii (Pocock, 1897)

Chersonesometrus sp

Chersonesometrus bastawadei (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Chersonesometrus beccaloniae (Kovařík, 2004)
Chersonesometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch, 1837)
Chersonesometrus hendersoni (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Chersonesometrus madraspatensis (Pocock, 1900)
Chersonesometrus nathanorum (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Chersonesometrus pelekomanus (Couzijn, 1981)
Chersonesometrus shivashankari (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Chersonesometrus tristis (Henderson, 1919)
Chersonesometrus wroughtoni (Pocock, 1899)

Deccanometrus sp

Deccanometrus bengalensis (C. L. Koch, 1841)
Deccanometrus latimanus (Pocock, 1894)
Deccanometrus liurus (Pocock, 1897)
Deccanometrus obscurus (Couzijn, 1981)
Deccanometrus phipsoni (Pocock, 1893)
Deccanometrus ubicki (Kovarik, 2004)
Deccanometrus xanthopus (Pocock, 1897)

Gigantometrus sp

Gigantometrus swammerdami (Simon, 1872)
Gigantometrus titanicus (Couzijn, 1981)

 

Javanimetrus sp

Javanimetrus cyaneus (C. L. Koch, 1836)

Sahyadrimetrus sp

Sahyadrimetrus barberi (Pocock, 1900)
Sahyadrimetrus kanarensis (Pocock, 1900)
Sahyadrimetrus mathewi (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Sahyadrimetrus rugosus (Couzijn, 1981)
Sahyadrimetrus scaber (Thorell, 1876)
Sahyadrimetrus tikaderi (Prendini & Loria, 2020)

Rugodentus sp

Rugodentus keralaensis (Bastawade, Sureshan & Radhakrishnan, 2005)

Srilankametrus sp

Srilankametrus caesar (C. L. Koch, 1841)
Srilankametrus couzijni (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Srilankametrus gravimanus (Pocock, 1894)
Srilankametrus indus (DeGeer, 1778)
Srilankametrus pococki (Prendini & Loria, 2020)
Srilankametrus serratus (Pocock, 1900)
Srilankametrus yaleensis (Kovarik, Ranawana, Jayarathne, Hoferek & Stahlavsky, 2019)

Rugodentus keralaensis Bastawade et al., 2005, stat. rev., are revalidated,
and subfamily Rugodentinae Bastawade et al., 2005, revalidated and elevated to the rank of fam-
ily, Rugodentidae Bastawade et al., 2005, stat. nov. et stat. rev.; Heterometrinae Simon, 1879, stat.
nov., and Opistophthalminae Rossi, 2016, stat. nov., are elevated to the rank of subfamily; Pandi-
nopsis Vachon, 1974, stat. nov., and Pandipalpus Rossi, 2015, stat. nov., are elevated to the rank of
genus, resulting in two new combinations: Pandinopsis dictator (Pocock, 1888), comb. nov., and
Pandipalpus viatoris (Pocock, 1890), comb. nov.; and 10 new synonyms are presented: Pandinop-
sini Rossi, 2016 = Pandininae Thorell, 1876, syn. nov.; Protophthalmini Rossi, 2016 = Opistoph-
thalminae Rossi, 2016, syn. nov.; Protophthalmus Lawrence, 1969 = Opistophthalmus C.L. Koch,
1837, syn. nov.; Pandinoides (Dunlopandinoides) Rossi, 2016 = Pandinoides Fet, 2000, syn. nov.;
Pandinurus (Pandicaporiaccous) Rossi, 2015 = Pandiborellius Rossi, 2015, syn. nov.; Buthus defensor
C.L. Koch, 1837 = Pandinurus gregoryi (Pocock, 1896), syn. nov.; Buthus heros C.L. Koch, 1837 =
Pandinurus exitialis (Pocock, 1888), syn. nov.; Pandinus lowei Kovarik, 2012 = Pandipalpus viatoris
(Pocock, 1890), syn. nov.; Pandinurus (Pandipalpus) pygmaeus Rossi, 2015 = Pandipalpus viatoris
(Pocock, 1890), syn. nov.; Pandinus intermedius Borelli, 1919 = Pandinurus citernii (Borelli, 1919),
syn. nov. The following revisions are implemented to the classification of the Asian forest scorpions
(Heterometrinae). Three former subgenera of Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828 are revalidated and
elevated to the rank of genus: Chersonesometrus Couzijn, 1978, stat. nov. et stat. rev.; Javanimetrus
Couzijn, 1981, stat. nov. et stat. rev.; and Srilankametrus Couzijn, 1981, stat. nov. et stat. rev. One
subgenus is elevated to the rank of genus: Gigantometrus Couzijn, 1978, stat. nov. Two new genera
and eight new species are described: Deccanometrus, gen. nov. Sahyadrimetrus, gen. nov.; Cher-
sonesometrus bastawadei, sp. nov.; Chersonesometrus hendersoni, sp. nov.; Chersonesometrus natha-
norum, sp. nov.; Chersonesometrus shivashankari, sp. nov.; Sahyadrimetrus mathewi, gen. et sp. nov.;
Sahyadrimetrus tikaderi, gen. et sp. nov.; Srilankametrus couzijni, sp. nov.; Srilankametrus pococki,
sp. nov. Heterometrus sensu stricto is restricted to eight species of the nominotypical subgenus, all
other species, formerly placed in Heterometrus, are transferred to appropriate genera, five species are
revalidated, and two subspecies elevated to the rank of species, resulting in 28 new combinations:
Chersonesometrus beccaloniae (Kovarik, 2004), comb. nov.; Chersonesometrus fulvipes (C.L. Koch,
1837), comb. nov.; Chersonesometrus madraspatensis (Pocock, 1900), comb. nov.; Chersonesometrus
pelekomanus (Couzijn, 1981), comb. nov. et stat. rev.; Chersonesometrus tristis (Henderson, 1919),
comb. nov.; Chersonesometrus wroughtoni (Pocock, 1899), comb. nov.; Deccanometrus bengalensis
(C.L. Koch, 1841), comb. nov.; Deccanometrus latimanus (Pocock, 1894), comb. nov.; Deccanometrus
liurus (Pocock, 1897), comb. nov.; Deccanometrus obscurus (Couzijn, 1981), comb. et stat. nov.; Dec-
canometrus phipsoni (Pocock, 1893), comb. nov.; Deccanometrus ubicki (Kovatik, 2004), comb. nov.;
Deccanometrus xanthopus (Pocock, 1897), comb. nov.; Gigantometrus swammerdami (Simon, 1872),
comb. nov.; Gigantometrus titanicus (Couzijn, 1981), comb. nov. et stat. rev.; Heterometrus glaucus
(Thorell, 1876), comb. nov. et stat. rev.; Heterometrus laevigatus (Thorell, 1876), comb. nov. et stat.
rev.; Heterometrus silenus (Simon, 1884), comb. nov. et stat. rev.; Javanimetrus cyaneus (C.L. Koch,
1836), comb. nov.; Sahyadrimetrus barberi (Pocock, 1900), comb. nov.; Sahyadrimetrus kanarensis
(Pocock, 1900), comb. nov.; Sahyadrimetrus rugosus (Couzijn, 1981), comb. et stat. nov.; Sahyadrime-
trus scaber (Thorell, 1876), comb. nov.; Srilankametrus caesar (C.L. Koch, 1841), comb. nov. et stat.
rev.; Srilankametrus gravimanus (Pocock, 1894), comb. nov.; Srilankametrus indus (DeGeer, 1778),




Srilankametrus serratus (Pocock, 1900)
Srilankametrus yaleensis (Kovarik et al., 2019)
Scorpio leioderma Dufour,1856 = Sahyadrimetrus scaber (Thorell, 1876)
Palamnaeus costimanus var. B borneensis Thorell, 1876 = Heterometrus longimanus (Herbst, 1800)
Palamnaeus liophysa Thorell,1888 = Heterometrus longimanus (Herbst, 1800)
Palamnaeus oatesii Pocock, 1900 = Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876)
Palamnaeus swammerdami flavimanus Pocock, 1900 =Gigantometrus swammerdami (Simon, 1872)
Heterometrus liophysa var. madoerensis Kop-stein, 1921 = Heterometrus glaucus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus laevifrons Roewer, 1943= Heterometrus glaucus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) granulomanus Couzijn, 1981 = Srilankametrus caesar (C.L. Koch, 1841)
Heterometrus (Heterometrus) liophysa separatus Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus glaucus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus(Heterometrus) liophysa spartanicus Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus glaucus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus (Heterometrus) longimanus bengkalitensis Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus longimanus (Herbst, 1800)
Heterometrus (Heterometrus) longimanus marmoratus Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus longimanus (Herbst, 1800) Heterometrus (Heterometrus) petersii mindanaensis Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus silenus (Simon, 1884)
Heterometrus (Heterometrus) spinifer solitarius Couzijn, 1981 = Heterometrus spinifer (Ehrenberg, 1828)
Heterometrus (Srilankametrus) indus laevitensus Couzijn, 1981 = Srilankametrus indus (DeGeer, 1778)
Heterometrus (Heterometrus) keralaensis Tikader and Bastawade, 1983 = Sahyadrimetrus rugosus (Couzijn,1981)
Heterometrus cimrmani Kovatik, 2004 = Heterometrus laevigatus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus mysorensis Kovarik, 2004 = Chersonesometrus tristis (Henderson, 1919)
Heterometrus nepalensis Kovarik, 2004 = Deccanometrus bengalensis (Pocock, 1900)
Heterometrus rolciki Kovatik, 2004 = Sahyadrimetrus scaber (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus sejnai Kovatik, 2004 = Javanimetrus cyaneus (C.L. Koch, 1836)|
Heterometrus tibetanus Lourenco et al., 2005 = Deccanometrus bengalensis (Pocock, 1900)
Heterometrus liangi Zhu and Yang, 2007 = Heterometrus silenus (Simon, 1884)
Heterometrus telanganaensis Javed et al., 2010 = Deccanometrus xanthopus (Pocock, 1897)
Heterometrus atrascorpius Mirza et al., 2012 = Chersonesometrus beccaloniae (Kovatik, 2004)
Heterometrus minotaurus Pliskova et al., 2016 = Heterometrus laevigatus (Thorell, 1876)
Heterometrus bastawadei Rossi, 2016 = Rugodentus keralaensis Bastawade et al., 2005

Another 25 synonyms by previous authors are confirmed, for a total of 51 synonyms in subfamily Heterometrinae.